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paleoclimate stream ecology remote sensing grassland public health aquatic ecosystems endangered species amphibians marine ecology conservation restoration ecology conservation biology land use plant-animal interactions fisheries carbon cycle land use change biofuels trees food webs climate change impacts nutrient cycling global warming oceanography sustainable agriculture sustainability eutrophication energy ecosystem ecology biodiversity ecosystem dynamics marine conservation science education modeling oceans and coasts extinction drought ecosystem services ocean acidification marine reserves aquaculture evolution population biology community ecology predator-prey interactions conservation policy global change media coverage tropical coral reefs landscape ecology habitat fragmentation environmental policy conservation planning climate change restoration invasive species ecology coral reefs hypoxia birds